Soal UM UGM 2016 Bahasa Inggris
Bahasa Inggris
I. The text below has incomplete sentences. Choose the one word of phrase from each number that best completes the sentences.
Modern parents of intelligent who underform at school can easily relate to this story. The problems Thomas Edison experienced such as a difficulty (41) ___ for long periods of time on one topic, are common in many intelligent children. Their problems in school may be (42) ____ a number of different causes, ranging from sheer boredom to dyslexia or some other learning disorder.
Many sources attribute Thomas Edison’s troubles in school to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Edison did seem (43) ____ many common characteristics of children with ADHD, such as fidgeting or squirming frequently; drifting off into daydreams more than other children; having difficulty following instructions or finishing activities, such as homework; interrupting a speaker, such as a teacher, (44) ____ ; and being impulsive.
Although ADHD is considered to be (45) ____ that can adversely affect a child’s learning, a number of persons in the field of child behavior now feel that this is a misnomer. Rather than thinking of ADHD children are primarily different only in (47) ____ , not in their ability to learn. An ADHD child, for example, might learn well in (48) ____ or hand-on experiment, whereas a normal child might learn well by listening to a teacher give lecture or completing a worksheet. One analogy is to think of ADHD children as (49) ____ left-handed children; they are certainly different than most other kids, (50) ____ that is not to say that they are wrong.
Modified from scott teel.2007.
Defending and Parenting Children Who Learn Differenly : Lessons from Edison’s mother.
Connecticut: praeger
41. A. Focused
B. On focusing
C. Focused on
D. Focusing
E. Focusing on
42. A. Because
B. Caused
C. Due to
D. Resulted from
E. Resulting in
43. A. Sharing
B. To share
C. Shared
D. To be shared
E. To be sharing
44. A. Being easily to distracted
B. Being easy to distract
C. Easly distracted
D. Distracted easyly
E. Is easy distracted
45. A. Impaired health
B. Impairing health
C. impair health
D. a health impairment
E. health impairing
46. A. in believing that
B. to believe
C. believe that
D. believing in
E. to believe in
47. A. how to learn
B. how do they learn
C. they learn how to
D. learning how to
E. how they learn
48. A. a visually oriented activity a
B. a visual orientation of activity
C. an activity of visual orientation
D. an active visual orientation
E. a visually active orientation
49. A. similarly between
B. similar with
C. similarity to
D. being similar to
E. being similarity to
50. A. and
B. so
C. but
D. thus
E. moreover
II. Study the text and choose the best answers to questions that follow.
Nanotechnology has been around for two decades, but the first wave of applications is only now beginning to break. As it does, it will make the computer revolution look like small change. It will affect everything from the batteries we use to the pants we wear to the way we treat cancer.
The main thing to know about nanotechnology is that it is small. Really small. Nano, a prefix that means “ dwarf” in Greek, is shorthand for nanometer, one billionth of a meter: a distance so minute that comparing it to anything in regular world is a bit of a joke. This comma, for instance, span about half million nanometers. To put it another way, a nanometer is the amount a man’s beard grows in the time it takes him to lift a razor to his face.
Nanotechnology matters because familiar materials begin to develop odd properties when they are nanosize. Tear a piece of aluminum foil into tiny strips, and it will still behave like aluminum even after the strips have become so small that you need microscope to see them. But keep chopping them smaller, and at same point -20 to 30 nanometer, in this case- the pieces can explode. Not all nanosize materials change properties so usefully, but the fact that some do is a boon. With them, scientists can engineer a comucopia of exotic new materials, such as plastic that counduct electricity and coating that prevent iron from rusting. It is like you shrink a cat, and keep shrinking it, and then at some point, all at once, it turns to dog.
Substances behave magically at nanoscale because that is where the essential properties of matter are determined. Arrange calcium carbonate molecules in a sawtooth pattern, for instance, and you get fragile, crumbly chalk. Stack the same molecules like a brick, and they help from the layers of the tough, iridescent shell of abalone.
It is a tantalizing idea: creating material with ideal properties by customizing its atomic structure. Scientist have already developed rarefied tools, such as a scanning tunneling microscope, capable of viewing and moving individual atoms via an exquisitely honed tip just one atom wide.
In many ways Nano’s invention is like that of plastic. It will everywhere; in the scalpels doctors use for surgery and in fabrics we wear. When coffe spilled on a pair of stain-resistant nanopants from the Gap, made from fibers treated with flourinated nanopolymer, it will roll right off.
51. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Nano is a new technology so useful that it is comparable to the use of plastics.
B. Nano is the latest and smallest measurement man has ever invented.
C. Being nanosized, materials change its properties and behavior.
D. Nanotechnology has been around for two decades.
E. The nanosized structure of a material can be costumized to create ideal properties.
52. The word “minute” in line 5 is closest in meaning to
A. Atomic
B. Cosmic
C. Enormous
D. A brief period
E. Sixty seconds
53. What can be inferred form paragraph 1?
A. The appication of nanotechnology is more important than the development of computer technology.
B. There has not been much development in the appication of nanotechnology since it was first invented.
C. When nanotechnology is applied, it is like computer technology, which makes small changes.
D. Computer technology and nanotechnology will influence the way we use our batteries and the doctors treat cancer.
E. Like computer revolution that looks small, nanotechnology still gives small impacts on life.
54. The pronoun “them” in line 12 refers to
A. Properties.
B. Familiar materials.
C. Nanosize materials.
D. Tiny aluminum strips.
E. New exotic materials.
55. Which of the following is NOT stated in the text?
A. The application of nanotechnology is about to begin.
B. Nanometer is the tiniest distance human has ever discovered.
C. Nanosized materials change their properties.
D. Nanotechnology can help develop surgical instruments.
E. At nanoscale the materials change into useful properties.
56. It is implied in the text that
A. Not all common materials when they are nanosize will acquire new properties for futher use.
B. Plastic is the result of nanotechnology.
C. Plastic isolates electricity.
D. Nanotechnology will be exclusively useful for medical and safety purpose.
E. One nanometer is equal to half size of the dot in the alphabet “I”.
57. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. We do not have to use microscope to look at materials of 30 nanosize.
B. Not all materials can turn into nanosize.
C. We can develop calcium carbonate into an abalone.
D. One meter is equal to one million nanometers.
E. Useful properties of nanosize materials can be engineered into refined tools.
58. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “boon” in line 12?
A. Surprise
B. Advantage
C. Miracle
D. Bonus
E. Mystery
59. Where in the text does the author begin to mention how common materials when they are nanosize show extraordinary quality?
A. Paragraph 1
B. Paragraph 2
C. Paragraph 3
D. Paragraph 4
E. Paragraph 5
60. What is the purpose of paragraph 6?
A. To describe the future of nanotechnology
B. To explain the exposive danger of microscopic matters
C. To illustrate the possible development of products
D. To compare the invention of nanotechnology to that of plastic
E. To describe the remarkable substance of plastic
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